Contents

Chapter titles

1. A shocking possibility
2. Rejuveneering 101
3. From flight to rejuvenation
4. Rejuveneering starting points
5. Scaling up
6. Collaborative rejuveneering
7. Runners and riders
8. Changing minds
9. Money matters
10. Adverse psychology
11. Towards Humanity+
12. Radical alternatives
13. Future uncertain

Extended table of contents

Foreword (copy available online)

• Two objections
• Two paradigms
• Two abolitions
• Motivation

The discussion ahead (copy available online)

• Author’s note
• Enhancing the conversation

1. A shocking possibility

• Beyond future shock
• Sweetness and lies
• Complications and perspectives
• Acceptance and change (copy available online)
• Raging and calm
• Optimism and failure
• Conflicting forces

2. Rejuveneering 101

• Beyond “business-as-usual lifespan extension”
• The plasticity of aging
• Curing diseases
• The biology underlying aging
• Fixing the failures
• The elixir of life?
• Entropy and other constraints
• Immortality
• Religious concerns
• Social concerns
• Conflicting motivations
• Timescales

3. From flight to rejuvenation

• Criticism from all sides
• Rapid breakthrough
• More moonshine
• Desiring more life

4. Rejuveneering starting points

• Rejuvenation in nature
• Repairs and replacements
• Negligible senescence
• Out-smarting evolution
• Examples of successful engineering
• Examples of hybrid engineering
• Examples of nano-engineering
• Examples of better genetics
• More than marginal improvements
• The legacy of a pioneer of flight

5. Scaling up

• Exponential progress
• Growing numbers of rejuvenation engineers
• Surmounting Brooks’ Law
• Slow progress before fast progress
• Frameworks for collaboration

6. Collaborative rejuveneering

• Accelerating genetic analysis
• Eroom’s Law
• Learning from failures
• Changing regulations
• New methods of testing new medicines
• From in-vitro and in-vivo to in-silico
• Understanding “exceptional responders”
• IBM’s medical discovery initiative
• The unreasonable effectiveness of big data
• The further growth of deep learning
• Factoring complexity
• The CRISPR game-changer

7. Runners and riders

• Living long enough to live indefinitely
• Lifestyle changes
• Extra supplements
• Dealing with damage
• Progress towards SENS
• Telomere theory of aging
• Questions about telomeres
• The shortest fuse?
• Genomic stability
• Investigating genetic variation
• Disruption from deep learning
• Evolution and rejuveneering
• The next phase of the race

8. Changing minds

• Scientific hostility to continental drift
• Changing minds on moving continents
• Washing hands
• Medical paradigm shifts, resisted
• Bloodletting

9. Money matters

• Hoping that people will die quickly
• The cost of aging
• Paradigm clash
• The Longevity Dividend
• Quantifying the longevity dividend
• Financial benefits from longer lives
• The costs of developing rejuvenation therapies
• Sources of additional funding
• The final decision

10. Adverse psychology

• Varieties of objection
• Managing terror
• Beyond the denial of death
• Terror Management Theory
• The paradox of opposition to extended healthspan
• Engaging the elephant

11. Towards Humanity+

• Beyond the freedom card
• Embracing radical transformation
• From precautionary to proactionary
• A better future for humanity
• The future of faith
• The Humanity+ vision
• A manifesto for Humanity+
• The future of death

12. Radical alternatives

• An ambulance to the future
• Not freezing
• The forthcoming surge in cryonics
• Head transplants
• Full body prosthetics
• A roadmap of avatars
• Brain duplication
• Chemopreservation vs. cryopreservation
• Killed by bad philosophy?
• Mindfiles
• Copying the dead to the future?
• Assessment

13. Future uncertain

• Exceptional engineering complications?
• Social turmoil ahead?
• Naïve politics?
• Market failures?
• Destructive inequality?
• A broken dialogue?
• Poor ways of doing good?
• Public apathy?
• A lack of conviction?
• Noise swamping the signal?
• Making a real difference?

Acknowledgements

Endnotes (copy available online)